Chain profile
Falcon-signed State Proofs have secured Algorand's history since 2022 and Falcon-signed transactions have run on mainnet since November 2025, with broad resilience targeted for end-2027.
Partly, and further along than most. Algorand has used Falcon, a post-quantum signature scheme, to sign its State Proofs since 2022, which protects the integrity of the chain's history against a future quantum adversary rewriting it. In November 2025 it went further and completed the first fully Falcon-signed transaction on mainnet, and more than 140,000 quantum-resistant transactions had been recorded by early 2026. What is not yet true is that ordinary Algorand accounts are quantum-safe: standard accounts still use Ed25519, and on Algorand the account address is derived directly from the public key, so every account's key is effectively public from the moment it exists. Algorand has published a dated plan to close that gap: native Falcon-1024 accounts at the protocol level in Q3 2026, Falcon-512 by the end of 2026, and broad quantum resilience including post-quantum multisig by the end of 2027.
Ed25519 for standard accounts; Falcon for State Proofs and post-quantum transactions
Falcon-1024 (native accounts, Q3 2026), Falcon-512 (end-2026)
Falcon, selected by NIST for standardisation as FN-DSA; standard not final at time of writing
Tier 2: Shipping. Post-quantum signature features are live on mainnet and a migration for existing holders is underway.
| No. | Dimension | Score | Weight | Contribution |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Signature scheme | 8 | 30% | 24.0 |
| 2 | Deployment stage | 8 | 25% | 20.0 |
| 3 | NIST alignment | 8 | 15% | 12.0 |
| 4 | Migration path | 8 | 15% | 12.0 |
| 5 | Exposure | 2 | 10% | 2.0 |
| 6 | Verification | 9 | 5% | 4.5 |
| Hardy Score | 74.5 | |||
Falcon operates at the protocol level on mainnet in two places: State Proofs signed with Falcon since 2022, and Falcon-signed transactions since 3 November 2025, with over 140,000 recorded by early 2026. Standard accounts still default to Ed25519, so this is not a 10. source
Tier 2: Shipping. Post-quantum signatures are live on mainnet and a dated migration to native post-quantum accounts is publicly scheduled and underway. source
Falcon was selected by NIST for standardisation as FN-DSA, but that standard was not final at the time of writing, unlike ML-DSA (FIPS 204) and SLH-DSA (FIPS 205). Algorand is using a NIST-selected scheme ahead of its final publication. source
The published roadmap is specific and dated: Falcon-1024 native accounts derivable from existing 25-word seed phrases in the Q3 2026 protocol release with SDK and Pera Wallet support, hybrid accounts as a transitional measure, Falcon-512 by end-2026, and post-quantum multisig by end-2027. Deriving post-quantum accounts from existing seed phrases is a materially low-friction path. source
Algorand is an account-model chain in which the address is a direct encoding of the Ed25519 public key. Every account's public key is therefore exposed on-chain from creation, whether or not it has ever transacted, so effectively all classical supply is harvestable today. source
Algorand's claims are checkable on-chain: State Proofs and Falcon-signed transactions are publicly verifiable ledger artefacts rather than assertions. The protocol is open source and the roadmap is published with named dates that can be checked against as they pass. source
The deployment dimension is not a separate judgement. It is Tier 2 expressed as a number. See the tier mapping.
State Proofs go live on mainnet, signed with Falcon, compressing and attesting the ledger's state every 256 rounds. source
The first fully Falcon-signed transaction completes on Algorand mainnet. source
More than 140,000 quantum-resistant transactions recorded on mainnet. source
Native Falcon-1024 accounts at the protocol level, derivable from the standard 25-word seed phrase, with SDK, AlgoKit and Pera Wallet support. source
Falcon-512 support, hybrid multisig, and staking support for quantum-resistant accounts. source
Broad quantum resilience: post-quantum multisig for institutions and treasuries, plus research into post-quantum VRF and consensus-message signatures. source
Exposure measures how much of the chain's value already sits behind a public key that an attacker can record today and break later. This is the part of the threat that a future upgrade cannot undo.
Algorand's exposure is structural and total for classical accounts. An Algorand address is a direct encoding of the account's Ed25519 public key plus a checksum, so the public key is readable from the address itself. Unlike Bitcoin or Cardano, there is no hashing step that keeps an unspent account's key private, and unlike those chains, never transacting does not help. Any Algorand balance held in a standard account is therefore fully harvestable today, which is why Algorand scores 2 on exposure despite scoring 8 on its signature scheme. This is precisely the gap the Q3 2026 native Falcon account release is meant to close.
What this rating means for you
Algorand has post-quantum signatures live on mainnet, but they are not the default, so holders have to opt in. That makes this one of the few chains where you can act today rather than wait.
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Not yet in full, but more of Algorand is post-quantum protected than almost any other major chain. Falcon-signed State Proofs have secured the chain's history since 2022 and Falcon-signed transactions have been possible on mainnet since November 2025. Standard Algorand accounts still use Ed25519, which is quantum-vulnerable.
State Proofs are post-quantum compact certificates that attest to and compress the ledger's state every 256 rounds, and they are signed with Falcon. They protect the historical integrity of the chain, meaning a future quantum adversary could not forge an alternative history that light clients or cross-chain bridges would accept. They do not protect the funds in an individual Ed25519 account.
Algorand's published roadmap schedules native Falcon-1024 accounts at the protocol level for the Q3 2026 release, with SDK and Pera Wallet support so accounts can be derived from the existing 25-word seed phrase. Falcon-512 and hybrid multisig follow by the end of 2026, and broad quantum resilience is targeted for the end of 2027.
Because an Algorand address is a direct encoding of the account's public key. There is no hash in between, so every account's Ed25519 public key is visible on-chain from the moment the address exists, even if it has never sent a transaction. That makes every classical Algorand balance harvestable today for a future quantum attacker.
Falcon was selected by NIST for standardisation as FN-DSA, but at the time of writing that standard had not been finalised, unlike ML-DSA (FIPS 204) and SLH-DSA (FIPS 205), which were published in August 2024. Algorand is therefore deploying a NIST-selected scheme ahead of its final publication.
This is a security-readiness assessment, not investment advice.