---
title: "Ed25519: which blockchains use it"
url: "https://hardyindex.com/algorithms/ed25519"
---

# Ed25519

The Edwards-curve Digital Signature Algorithm over Curve25519, the default account scheme on a large share of chains launched since 2015. Broken by Shor's algorithm on a cryptographically relevant quantum computer, which recovers the private key from the public key.

- **Quantum status:** Broken by Shor's algorithm on a cryptographically relevant quantum computer.
- **Standard:** RFC 8032 (IETF, final).
- **Family:** elliptic curve.
- **Also known as:** EdDSA, Curve25519.

## Rated chains using it

- [AIOZ Network](https://hardyindex.com/chains/aioz.md): validator consensus, mainnet, mandatory. The consensus parameters accept ed25519 as the one validator key type, and all 50 validators in the latest set use it. Source (read on-chain): https://lcd-dataseed.aioz.network/cosmos/consensus/v1/params
- [Akash Network](https://hardyindex.com/chains/akash.md): validator consensus, mainnet, mandatory. The consensus parameters accept ed25519 as the one validator key type, and all 80 validators in the latest set use it. Source (read on-chain): https://akash-rest.publicnode.com/cosmos/consensus/v1/params
- [Algorand](https://hardyindex.com/chains/algorand.md): account signatures, mainnet, default. Source (statement or write-up): https://algorand.co/technology/post-quantum
- [Aptos](https://hardyindex.com/chains/aptos.md): account signatures, mainnet, default. Source (specification or proposal): https://aptos.dev/network/blockchain/accounts
- [Arweave](https://hardyindex.com/chains/arweave.md): account signatures, specified, not deployed. The node's wallet module can generate, sign and verify with Ed25519 keys, but its transaction validation accepts only RSA and ECDSA signature types, so Ed25519 cannot sign a mainnet transaction. Source (source code or release): https://github.com/ArweaveTeam/arweave/blob/master/apps/arweave/src/ar_wallet.erl
- [Beldex](https://hardyindex.com/chains/beldex.md): account signatures, mainnet, default. Spend and view keys on the Ed25519 curve, as on Monero: Beldex's documentation says a raw address is composed of two public keys, the public spend key and the public view key. Source (specification or proposal): https://docs.beldex.io/wallets/addresses/main-address
- [Beldex](https://hardyindex.com/chains/beldex.md): validator consensus, mainnet, mandatory. Master node keys: a Monero-style Curve25519 key pair for registration and votes, and a standard Ed25519 key pair for ancillary operations. Source (source code or release): https://github.com/Beldex-Coin/beldex/blob/dev/src/cryptonote_core/master_node_list.h
- [Cardano](https://hardyindex.com/chains/cardano.md): account signatures, mainnet, default. Source (statement or write-up): https://www.iog.io/news/cardano-vision-2026-the-research-program-securing-cardano
- [Celestia](https://hardyindex.com/chains/celestia.md): validator consensus, mainnet, mandatory. Mainnet consensus parameters list ed25519 as the single allowed validator key type, as read on 22 October 2026. Source (read on-chain): https://celestia-rest.publicnode.com/cosmos/consensus/v1/params
- [Cosmos Hub](https://hardyindex.com/chains/cosmos-hub.md): validator consensus, mainnet, mandatory. Used for consensus, never for transaction authentication. Source (specification or proposal): https://docs.cosmos.network/sdk/v0.53/learn/beginner/accounts
- [Cronos](https://hardyindex.com/chains/cronos.md): validator consensus, mainnet, mandatory. Validator identities. Source (specification or proposal): https://docs.cronos.com/
- [Decred](https://hardyindex.com/chains/decred.md): account signatures, mainnet, opt-in. Signature type 1, verified by OP_CHECKSIGALT. Source (source code or release): https://github.com/decred/dcrd/blob/master/txscript/stdscript/scriptv0.go
- [dYdX Chain](https://hardyindex.com/chains/dydx.md): validator consensus, mainnet, mandatory. The consensus parameters accept ed25519 as the one validator key type, and all 21 validators in the latest set use it. Source (read on-chain): https://dydx-rest.publicnode.com/cosmos/consensus/v1/params
- [GateChain](https://hardyindex.com/chains/gatechain.md): account signatures, mainnet, default. The one native account read, the vault account of consensus account GtNode-37, carries a gatechain/PubKeyEd25519 key; GateChain's wallet documentation says accounts use secp256k1. No ordinary native account with transactions was found to sample. Source (read on-chain): https://api.nodeinfo.cc/v1/account/gt11qz05lscs3g4suwkun2ml2pta0y4ssykrm693e93frxlyfmgvhdhxq76qkm6fq4fg7mrhly
- [Hedera](https://hardyindex.com/chains/hedera.md): account signatures, mainnet, default. Selectable per account, with ECDSA. Source (statement or write-up): https://hedera.com/blog/are-ed25519-keys-quantum-resistant-exploring-the-future-of-cryptography/
- [Injective](https://hardyindex.com/chains/injective.md): validator consensus, mainnet, mandatory. Mainnet consensus parameters list ed25519 as the only validator key type; every bonded validator's consensus key read on 22 October 2026 was Ed25519. Source (read on-chain): https://sentry.lcd.injective.network/cosmos/consensus/v1/params
- [Internet Computer](https://hardyindex.com/chains/internet-computer.md): account signatures, mainnet, default. User identities sign with Ed25519 or ECDSA. Source (specification or proposal): https://docs.internetcomputer.org/concepts/chain-key-cryptography/
- [Internet Computer](https://hardyindex.com/chains/internet-computer.md): threshold signing, mainnet, opt-in. Chain-key signatures. Source (specification or proposal): https://docs.internetcomputer.org/concepts/chain-key-cryptography/
- [IOTA](https://hardyindex.com/chains/iota.md): account signatures, mainnet, default. The default account scheme. Addresses are a BLAKE2b-256 hash of the key. Source (specification or proposal): https://docs.iota.org/developer/cryptography/transaction-auth/signatures
- [Midnight](https://hardyindex.com/chains/midnight.md): validator consensus, mainnet, mandatory. GRANDPA finality keys. Read at the node-1.0.400 release tag, which Midnight's release notes tell every Mainnet node to run; its runtime is spec version 1.0.300. Source (source code or release): https://github.com/midnightntwrk/midnight-node/blob/node-1.0.400/runtime/src/lib.rs
- [Monero](https://hardyindex.com/chains/monero.md): account signatures, mainnet, default. Source (statement or write-up): https://github.com/insight-decentralized-consensus-lab/post-quantum-monero/blob/master/writeups/semitechnical_summary.MD
- [MultiversX](https://hardyindex.com/chains/multiversx.md): account signatures, mainnet, mandatory. The node's transaction signer is Ed25519, and the developer documentation states that transactions are signed with Ed25519. Guardian co-signatures on guarded accounts use the same scheme. Source (source code or release): https://github.com/multiversx/mx-chain-go/blob/master/factory/crypto/cryptoComponents.go
- [NEAR Protocol](https://hardyindex.com/chains/near.md): account signatures, mainnet, default. Source (source code or release): https://github.com/near/nearcore/releases/tag/2.13.0
- [Polkadot](https://hardyindex.com/chains/polkadot.md): validator consensus, mainnet, mandatory. Used in some consensus roles alongside sr25519. Source (specification or proposal): https://wiki.polkadot.com/learn/learn-cryptography/
- [Provenance Blockchain](https://hardyindex.com/chains/provenance.md): validator consensus, mainnet, mandatory. The consensus parameters accept ed25519 as the one validator key type. Source (read on-chain): https://api.provenance.io/cosmos/consensus/v1/params
- [QoreChain](https://hardyindex.com/chains/qorechain.md): validator consensus, mainnet, mandatory. Read on 23 October 2026: all eight bonded validators carry Ed25519 consensus keys. Source (read on-chain): https://api.qore.host/cosmos/staking/v1beta1/validators?status=BOND_STATUS_BONDED
- [Sei](https://hardyindex.com/chains/sei.md): validator consensus, mainnet, mandatory. All 40 active validators' consensus keys read tendermint/PubKeyEd25519 on mainnet. Source (read on-chain): https://rpc.sei-apis.com/validators?per_page=100
- [Solana](https://hardyindex.com/chains/solana.md): account signatures, mainnet, default. Source (statement or write-up): https://solana.com/news/quantum-readiness
- [Stellar](https://hardyindex.com/chains/stellar.md): account signatures, mainnet, default. Source (statement or write-up): https://stellar.org/blog/foundation-news/introducing-the-quantum-preparedness-plan
- [Sui](https://hardyindex.com/chains/sui.md): account signatures, mainnet, default. Source (statement or write-up): https://www.sui.io/blog/making-sui-quantum-ready
- [Terra Classic](https://hardyindex.com/chains/terra-classic.md): validator consensus, mainnet, mandatory. The consensus parameters accept ed25519 as the one validator key type. Source (read on-chain): https://terra-classic-lcd.publicnode.com/cosmos/consensus/v1/params
- [Tezos](https://hardyindex.com/chains/tezos.md): account signatures, mainnet, default. tz1 addresses, the Octez default. Source (specification or proposal): https://octez.tezos.com/docs/active/accounts.html
- [Tezos](https://hardyindex.com/chains/tezos.md): validator consensus, mainnet, opt-in. A baker's consensus key may be a tz1 key. Source (specification or proposal): https://octez.tezos.com/docs/user/key-management.html
- [THORChain](https://hardyindex.com/chains/thorchain.md): validator consensus, mainnet, mandatory. Mainnet consensus parameters list ed25519 as the one validator public key type. Source (read on-chain): https://gateway.liquify.com/chain/thorchain_api/cosmos/consensus/v1/params
- [THORChain](https://hardyindex.com/chains/thorchain.md): threshold signing, mainnet, mandatory. Threshold EdDSA for vaults on Ed25519 chains; the mainnet inbound address for Solana carries an Ed25519 vault key. Source (read on-chain): https://gateway.liquify.com/chain/thorchain_api/thorchain/inbound_addresses
- [TON](https://hardyindex.com/chains/toncoin.md): account signatures, mainnet, default. Verified inside wallet smart contracts. Source (source code or release): https://github.com/ton-blockchain/ton
- [XRP Ledger](https://hardyindex.com/chains/xrp-ledger.md): account signatures, mainnet, default. Selectable per account, with secp256k1. Source (statement or write-up): https://ripple.com/insights/post-quantum-readiness-on-the-xrp-ledger/

## Sources

- [RFC 8032: Edwards-Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (EdDSA)](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc8032), IETF. Accessed 19 October 2026.